Central American Cold Surges

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Central American Cold Surges

#1 Postby Macrocane » Sun Oct 18, 2009 9:40 am

When Autumn arrives to North America the first cold fronts begin to descend to Central America, the ridge that pushes the front produces a pressure gradient that brings strong northerly winds from Southern Mexico (gulf of Tehuantepec) to El Salvador-Honduras (Gulf of Fonseca) the strongest cold fronts reach sometimes Costa Rica and Panama producing gap winds on gulfs of Papagayo and Panama. Those winds together with incursion of drier cooler air bring the lowest temperatures of the yaer to central american countries. The cold fronts season begins on mid october and ends on early march. Today the first cold front reached Central America and I will be posting observations from different countries and especially from El Salvador.

Today is the first day, so I will be posting the data from today until tomorrow, but I can mention that here in San Salvador the lowest temperature this morning was 20 ºC (68 ºF) and the winds are about 20 km/h (12.5 mph).
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Re: Central American Cold Surges

#2 Postby Macrocane » Wed Oct 21, 2009 6:25 pm

The winds have diminished and now are coming from the south but it was a nice first shot of cool air. Here are the observations:

Guatemala city, Guatemala

10/18/2009
High: 25ºC (77 ºF), Low: 15ºC (59 ºF), wind: 40 km/h (25 mph)

10/19/2009
High: 23 ºC (73 ºF), Low: 14ºC (57 ºF), wind: 40 km/h (25 mph)

10/20/2009
High: 26 ºC (79 ºF), Low: 13ºC (55ºF), wind: 30 km/h (20 mph)

Teguucigalpa, Honduras

10/18/2009
High: 29ºC (84 ºF), Low: 18ºC (64 ºF), wind: 30 km/h (20 mph), gusts: 40 km/h (25 mph)

10/19/2009
High: 23 ºC (73 ºF), Low: 17ºC (63 ºF), wind: 40 km/h (25 mph), gusts: 60 km/h (37 mph)

10/20/2009
High: 22 ºC (72°F), Low: 16ºC (61°F), wind: 30 km/h.

San Salvador, El Salvador

10/18/2009
High: 30ºC (86 ºF), Low: 20ºC (68 ºF), wind: 20 km/h (13 mph), gusts: 30 km/h (20 mph)

10/19/2009
High: 27 ºC (81 ºF), Low: 19ºC (66ºF), wind: 30 km/h (20 mph), gusts: 40 km/h (25 mph)

10/20/2009
High: 28 ºC (82 ºF), Low: 18ºC (64 ºF), wind: 20 km/h, gusts: 30 km/h.

The lowest temperature in El Salvador was 12 ºC (54ºF) on october 20th. It was the coldest day in El Salvador since March 3rd.

I took the data from Weather Underground for Guatemala and Honduras. El Salvador's data was found in the website of the meterological service of the country.
Last edited by Macrocane on Sat Apr 24, 2010 10:55 pm, edited 1 time in total.
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Re: Central American Cold Surges

#3 Postby Ntxw » Wed Oct 21, 2009 6:38 pm

That's really interesting, I always find it fascinating to here weather\changes in other parts of the world as not many people post them. I'm sure with the tropical humidity that's got to feel really nice while it lasts. Hopefully more to come in the upcoming seasons!
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Re: Central American Cold Surges

#4 Postby Macrocane » Wed Oct 21, 2009 6:56 pm

Yes it feels really good, actually it's my favorite weather. I wanted to share information from my region like other poeple shares info from Canada, US, Asia, and other parts of the world, that's why I like this forum because we always learn a lot of different things about weather and climate. I'm glad that you found it interesting :D By the way, GFS is predicting that a significant front may reach the area in 10 days, I'm waiting for it.
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Re: Central American Cold Surges

#5 Postby breeze » Thu Oct 22, 2009 9:10 pm

I also find it very interesting that the strong cold fronts from North America make it to
Central America. I always thought they lost their "punch" after they made people in Miami
dig out their jackets! :wink:

This is certainly interesting to read and learn about Central American weather.
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Re: Central American Cold Surges

#6 Postby Scott Patterson » Wed Oct 28, 2009 10:10 pm

Last December when I was in Copan (Honduras right near the Guatamala border), the same cold front that put snow in Texas made it all the way down to Central America and really cooled the weather off there. The nights after the cold front were refreshingly cool. It's kind of neat that some of the big cold fronts do make it all the way down there.

PS, I found El Salvador to be one of the friendliest countries I have been to. Which part are you from?
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Re: Central American Cold Surges

#7 Postby Macrocane » Sat Oct 31, 2009 12:27 pm

Scott Patterson wrote:Last December when I was in Copan (Honduras right near the Guatamala border), the same cold front that put snow in Texas made it all the way down to Central America and really cooled the weather off there. The nights after the cold front were refreshingly cool. It's kind of neat that some of the big cold fronts do make it all the way down there.

PS, I found El Salvador to be one of the friendliest countries I have been to. Which part are you from?


I'm glad that you found it friendly :D I was born in San Salvador but I live in Antiguo Cuscatlan, a city that it's part of the Metropolitan area of San Salvador. Actually the name of the city means "Old Cuscatlan" and it was the capital of Cuscatlan Kingdom, the country of the native people before the spanish colonization.

By the way, the next cold front may enter the area in 10 days or so, now I'm monitoring a low pressure system that may form off Central American Pacific coast and could develop into a tropical storm, something unusual on November.
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Re: Central American Cold Surges

#8 Postby Macrocane » Tue Nov 10, 2009 9:38 am

After the tragedy we lived because of Ida and a low pressure in the Pacific a new cold front and high pressure system will affect the area begginig today. Actually winds are already getting stronger, the good thing is that no more rains are expected so there won't be more floods and mudslides the bad thing is that there are many people homeless and the cold may affect their health. I will keep you updated with the temps and the winds.
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Re: Central American Cold Surges

#9 Postby Macrocane » Sun Nov 15, 2009 6:27 pm

This are the observations from the last cold front that reached Central America last week.

Guatemala city, Guatemala

11/10/2009
High: 23ºC (73 ºF), Low: 16ºC (61 ºF), winds: 35 km/h (22 mph)

11/11/2009
High: 23 ºC (73 ºF), Low: 15ºC (59 ºF), winds: 35 km/h (22 mph), gusts: 45 km/h (28 kph)

11/12/2009
High: 23 ºC (73 ºF), Low: 14ºC (57ºF), wind: 40 km/h (25 mph)

11/13/2009
High: 23 ºC (73 ºF), Low: 12ºC (54ºF), wind: 30 km/h (19 mph)

Teguucigalpa, Honduras

11/19/2009
High: 27ºC (81 ºF), Low: 19ºC (66 ºF), wind: 30 km/h (20 mph)

11/11/2009
High: 25 ºC (77 ºF), Low: 18ºC (64 ºF), wind: 35 km/h (22 mph)

11/12/2009
High: 22 ºC (72 ºF), Low: 16ºC (61 ºF), wind: 20 km/h (13 mph), gusts: 45 km/h (28 mph)

11/13/2009
High: 25 ºC (77 ºF), Low: 13ºC (55 ºF), wind: 20 km/h (13 mph)

San Salvador, El Salvador

11/10/2009
High: 29ºC (84 ºF), Low: 20ºC (68 ºF), wind: 20 km/h (13 mph), gusts: 30 km/h (20 mph)

11/11/2009
High: 29 ºC (84 ºF), Low: 19ºC (66ºF), wind: 25 km/h (16 mph), gusts: 50 km/h (31 mph)

11/12/2009
High: 28 ºC (82 ºF), Low: 17ºC (63 ºF), wind: 25 km/h (16 mph), gusts: 35 km/h (22 mph)

11/13/2009
High: 28 ºC (82 ºF), Low: 16ºC (61 ºF), wind: 25 km/h (13 mph), gusts: 30 km/h (20 mph)

The lowest temperature registered in El Salvador during this event was 8.1 ºC (46.6ºF) on november 13, it was in Las Pilas station.
Last edited by Macrocane on Sat Apr 24, 2010 10:56 pm, edited 1 time in total.
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Re: Central American Cold Surges

#10 Postby vbhoutex » Sun Nov 15, 2009 10:34 pm

I am sure some of thesr readings are in mountainous regions which would make some difference, but I had no idea that temps made it that low in CA. Thanks for posting this.
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Re: Central American Cold Surges

#11 Postby Macrocane » Sun Nov 15, 2009 10:59 pm

vbhoutex wrote:I am sure some of thesr readings are in mountainous regions which would make some difference, but I had no idea that temps made it that low in CA. Thanks for posting this.


You're welcome. And yes, the lowest temperatures are from the mountainous regions where temperatures may drop a few degrees below 0 ºC in Guatemala and around 5 ºC in El Salavador. In the flat regions the temps may drop between 10 and 16 ºC.
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Re: Central American Cold Surges

#12 Postby Macrocane » Sun Nov 22, 2009 6:58 pm

Last week we had a shot of cool air, althugh the cold front stalled at Yucatan Peninsula the ridge reached Central America. The event lasted between november 17 and november 19.

Guatemala city, Guatemala

11/17/2009
High: 24ºC (75 ºF), Low: 15ºC (59 ºF), winds: 25 km/h (16 mph), gusts: 40 km/h (25 mph)

11/18/2009
High: 23 ºC (73 ºF), Low: 14ºC (57 ºF), winds: 35 km/h (22 mph), gusts: 45 km/h (28 kph)

11/19/2009
High: 23 ºC (73 ºF), Low: 13ºC (55ºF), winds: 35 km/h (22 mph)

Nueva Ocotepeque, Honduras

11/17/2009
High: 25ºC (77 ºF), Low: 18ºC (64 ºF), wind: 35 km/h (22 mph), gusts: 45 km/h (28 mph)

11/18/2009
High: 23ºC (73 ºF), Low: 16ºC (61 ºF), wind: 35 km/h (22 mph), gusts: 45 km/h (28 mph)

11/19/2009
High: 27 ºC (81 ºF), Low: 14ºC (57 ºF), wind: 30 km/h (19 mph), gusts: 40 km/h (25 mph)

San Salvador, El Salvador

11/17/2009
High: 30ºC (86 ºF), Low: 18ºC (64 ºF), wind: 25 km/h (16 mph), gusts: 40 km/h (25 mph)

11/18/2009
High: 29 ºC (84 ºF), Low: 17ºC (63ºF), wind: 25 km/h (16 mph), gusts: 40 km/h (25 mph)

11/19/2009
High: 29 ºC (84 ºF), Low: 16ºC (61 ºF), wind: 20 km/h (13 mph), gusts: 30 km/h (20 mph)

The lowest temperature obsereved in El Salvador during this event was 6.2 ºC (43.2ºF) on november 19, it was in Las Pilas station again.
Last edited by Macrocane on Sat Dec 05, 2009 1:38 pm, edited 1 time in total.
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Re: Central American Cold Surges

#13 Postby Macrocane » Sat Dec 05, 2009 1:38 pm

I'm kind of late but I've been very busy with the final projects and exams of this semester. We had an event between november 26 and november 28, here is the data:

Guatemala city, Guatemala

11/26/2009
High: 24ºC (75 ºF), Low: 16ºC (61 ºF), winds: 35 km/h (22 mph), gusts: 45 km/h (28 mph)

11/27/2009
High: 23 ºC (73 ºF), Low: 14ºC (57 ºF), winds: 35 km/h (22 mph), gusts: 50 km/h (31 mph)

11/28/2009
High: 23 ºC (73 ºF), Low: 13ºC (55ºF), winds: 25 km/h (16 mph), gusts: 35 km/h (22 mph)

Tegucigalpa, Honduras

11/26/2009
High: 25ºC (77 ºF), Low: 19ºC (66 ºF), wind: 20 km/h (13 mph), gusts: 30 km/h (19 mph)

11/27/2009
High: 23ºC (73 ºF), Low: 18ºC (64 ºF), wind: 30 km/h (19 mph), gusts: 35 km/h (22 mph)

11/28/2009
High: 23 ºC (73 ºF), Low: 17ºC (63 ºF), wind: 30 km/h (19 mph), gusts: 40 km/h (25 mph)

San Salvador, El Salvador

11/26/2009
High: 31ºC (88 ºF), Low: 20ºC (68 ºF), wind: 25 km/h (16 mph), gusts: 40 km/h (25 mph)

11/27/2009
High: 30 ºC (86 ºF), Low: 19ºC (66ºF), wind: 30 km/h (20 mph), gusts: 45 km/h (28 mph)

11/28/2009
High: 30 ºC (86 ºF), Low: 18ºC (64 ºF), wind: 20 km/h (13 mph), gusts: 30 km/h (20 mph)

The lowest temperature obsereved in El Salvador during this event was 12.6 ºC (54.7ºF) on november 28, it was in Los Andes station.
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#14 Postby Ntxw » Sat Dec 05, 2009 1:52 pm

I'd love to be there on vacation just about now :D
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Re: Central American Cold Surges

#15 Postby Macrocane » Fri Dec 25, 2009 11:58 am

Usually on december central america faces 3 cold surges, in an El Niño year the number of events in the season diminishes and this time has not been the exception as we have had only one. This event was the coldest so far this season and a very rare one because during the first day Guatemala and El Salvador were affected by heavy rains, in El Salvador the highest amount of rainfall was 98 mm (3.86 inches) well above the average of 10 mm (0.39 inches) for the month. This time the cold front reached Nicaragua so I will post the observations for Managua too.

Belize, Belize

12/20/2009
High: 29°C (84 °F), Low: 19°C (66 °F), winds: 22 km/h (14 mph)
12/21/2009
High: 21 °C (70 °F), Low: 16°C (61 °F), winds: 13 km/h (8 mph)
12/22/2009
High: 27 °C (81 °F), Low: 18°C (64°F), winds: 11 km/h (7 mph)

Guatemala city, Guatemala

12/20/2009
High: 17°C (63 °F), Low: 13°C (55 °F), winds: 20 km/h (13 mph), gusts: 30 km/h (20 mph)
12/21/2009
High: 17 °C (63 °F), Low: 12°C (53.6 °F), winds: 20 km/h (13 mph), gusts: 35 km/h (22 mph)
12/22/2009
High: 22 °C (71.6 °F), Low: 10°C (50 °F), winds: 20 km/h (13 mph), gusts: 25 km/h (16 mph)

Tegucigalpa, Honduras

12/20/2009
High: 25°C (77 °F), Low: 17°C (62.6 °F), winds: 15 km/h (9 mph), gusts: 25 km/h (16 mph)
12/21/2009
High: 23 °C (73 °F), Low: 14°C (57.2 °F), winds: 20 km/h (13 mph)
12/22/2009
High: 23 °C (73 °F), Low: 12°C (53.6 °F), winds: 15 km/h (9 mph), gusts: 30 km/h (19 mph)

San Salvador, El Salvador

12/20/2009
High: 25°C (77 °F), Low: 17°C (62.6 °F), winds: 15 km/h (9.4 mph), gusts: 30 km/h (19 mph)
12/21/2009
High: 27 °C (80.6 °F), Low: 16°C (60.8 °F), winds: 25 km/h (16 mph), gusts: 35 km/h (22 mph)
12/22/2009
High: 27 °C (80.6 °F), Low: 15°C (59 °F), winds: 20 km/h (13 mph), gusts: 30 km/h (19 mph)

The lowest temperature that I’ve found in El Salvador during this event was 7 °C (44.6 °F) on December 22 in Los Andes station, I couldn’t find the observation for Los Naranjos station which is usually colder than Los Andes.

Managua, Nicaragua

12/21/2009
High: 27 °C (80.6 °F), Low: 22°C (71.6 °F), winds: 15 km/h (9 mph)
12/22/2009
High: 32 °C (89.6 °F), Low: 19°C (66.2 °F), winds: 15 km/h (9 mph).
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#16 Postby Ntxw » Sat Dec 26, 2009 9:50 pm

I'm starting to miss the warmer weather sigh, beach!!!
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Re: Central American Cold Surges

#17 Postby Macrocane » Sat Jan 02, 2010 11:16 am

During December 28 and and 29 a high pressure system affected the area, it was not cold enough to generate a cold front but it was strong enough to produce moderate northerly winds.

Guatemala city, Guatemala

12/28/2009
High: 23°C (73 °F), Low: 15°C (59 °F), winds: 35 km/h (22 mph), gusts: 50 km/h (31 mph)
12/29/2009
High: 22 °C (72 °F), Low: 15°C (59 °F), winds: 35 km/h (22 mph), gusts: 40 km/h (25 mph)

Tegucigalpa, Honduras

12/28/2009
High: 27°C (81 °F), Low: 16°C (61 °F), winds: 15 km/h (9 mph), gusts: 30 km/h (19 mph)
12/29/2009
High: 25 °C (77 °F), Low: 16°C (57.2 °F), winds: 15 km/h (9 mph), gusts: 30 km/h (19 mph)

San Salvador, El Salvador

12/28/2009
High: 30°C (86 °F), Low: 18°C (64 °F), winds: 20 km/h (12 mph), gusts: 35 km/h (22 mph)
12/29/2009
High: 30 °C (86 °F), Low: 17°C (63 °F), winds: 20 km/h (12 mph), gusts: 35 km/h (22 mph)
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Re: Central American Cold Surges

#18 Postby Macrocane » Tue Jan 05, 2010 3:07 pm

A cold front affected the area this weekend producing weak to moderate northerly winds and a small drop in temperatures, the front has already dissipated and the high pressure system that pushed the front weakened on sunday night, but during monday the high pressure re-intensified with another surge of cold air and it has been producing stronger winds than the first surge. I post last weekend observations today and I will post the observations of the new event when it finishes (probably on thursday).

Guatemala city, Guatemala

01/02/2009
High: 25°C (77 °F), Low: 15°C (59 °F), winds: 25 km/h (16 mph), gusts: 35 km/h (22 mph)
01/03/2009
High: 23 °C (73 °F), Low: 13°C (55 °F), winds: 25 km/h (16 mph), gusts: 35 km/h (22 mph)

Tegucigalpa, Honduras

01/02/2009
High: 25°C (77 °F), Low: 17°C (63 °F), winds: 15 km/h (9 mph), gusts: 25 km/h (16 mph)
01/03/2009
High: 24 °C (75 °F), Low: 15°C (59 °F), winds: 15 km/h (9 mph), gusts: 30 km/h (16 mph)

San Salvador, El Salvador

01/02/2009
High: 30°C (86 °F), Low: 19°C (66 °F), winds: 20 km/h (12 mph), gusts: 40 km/h (25 mph)
12/29/2009
High: 29 °C (84 °F), Low: 18°C (64 °F), winds: 20 km/h (12 mph), gusts: 35 km/h (22 mph)

By the way, January is usually the peak month for cold surges in Central America, when the lowest temperatures and the strongest winds are registered.
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#19 Postby Ntxw » Tue Jan 05, 2010 3:24 pm

Looks like a big one (relatively) should be heading your way soon.
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Re:

#20 Postby Macrocane » Tue Jan 05, 2010 3:43 pm

Ntxw wrote:Looks like a big one (relatively) should be heading your way soon.


Yes, you are right. This weekend we could recieve one of the coldest air shots of the season (if not the coldest), well obviously not as cold as you :cold:
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